Is God REALLY Absolute?

Hartshorne on Divine Dependence

  1. Why God is thought to be absolute: Reliability

    1. Eternal
    2. Morally Perfect
    3. Non-corruptible (omnipotent, omniscient)

  2. An Alternative View of God's Interaction with the Universe:

    1. God as a Social Being:

      1. Social beings are in relationships
      2. Social beings are interdependent

    2. Divine Independence - i.e., transcendence

      1. Complete Independence - undesirable
      2. Moral Independence - desirable

    3. Divine Dependence - God as personal

      1. Proportional Dependence - quantity vs. quality
      2. Sympathetic Dependence - omniscient sympathy


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