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Class Notes Index:

Unit One - Introduction to Arguments

• General Overview of Philosophy
  • - What is Philosophy?
• General Overview of Logic
  • - What is Logic?
  • Listen to the Podcast (What is Logic? “In Our Time,” BBC Podcast)
• Introduction to Arguments
  • - What is an Argument? - part 1
  • - What is an Argument? - part 2
• Evaluation of Induction and Deduction
  • - Evaluating Induction and Deduction)

Unit Two - Categorical Propositions and Immediate Inference

• Categorical Propositions (slide show PDF)
  • - Categorical Propositions
• Venn Diagrams (slide show PDF)
  • - Diagrams for A, E, I, and O
• The Square of Opposition and Immediate Inference (slide show PDF)
  • - Square of Opposition
  • - Simple Aristotelian Deduction
• Translating Ordinary Statements into Categorical Form (slide show PDF)
  • - Translating Ordinary Statements into Categorical Form

Unit Three - Categorical Syllogisms

• Categorical Syllogisms (slide show PDF)
  • - Terms and Premises
  • - Figure and Mood
  • - Validity and Venn Diagrams for Syllogisms
• Venn Diagram Categorical Syllogism Worksheet

Unit Four - Introduction to Propositional Logic

• Symbolization for Natural Language Propositions
  • - Symbolizing Natural Language Propositions
• Truth Tables
  • - Truth Tables for logical operators
  • - Truth Tables for propositions
  • - Truth Tables for arguments

Unit Five - Natural Deduction in Propositional Logic

• Rules of Implication (common valid argument forms)
  • - Rules of Implication (part 1)
  • - Rules of Implication (part 2)
• Rules of Replacement (equivalent propositional forms)
  • - Replacement Rules (part 1)
  • - Replacement Rules (part 2)

  Unit Six - Introduction to Induction

  • Language and Meaning in Informal Logic
  • The Role of Definition in Informal Logic
  • Analogical Arguments
  • Induction and Scientific Reasoning
  • Informal Fallacies
    • - Overview of Informal Fallacies
    • - Fallacies of Relevance
    • - Fallacies of Sufficiency
    • - Fallacies of Presumption and Ambiguity

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  Writing Assignments:

  • The Apology - "My Demon Was Silent"
  • The Apology - "Death is One of Two Things"
  • The Krito - Should Sokrates Stay or Go?
  • How to Write a Philosophical Essay (A rediculously brief overview)

  Sample Paper (feel free to use this paper as a guide to writing your own paper)

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  Back to PHI 103

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